RJA #15b: Reflection on What You Learned

This semester I learned how to research and do it well. The most helpful part of the class was when the librarian came in and showed us how to use the library's web site and wealth of free knowledge. I was able to over come my fear of writing a 12 page paper by getting so much information on my topic I had to narrow it down, and I still could have gone way over. I'm glad to be over the hump of the biggest paper I've ever done being 3 pages. Now I have the confidence and know how to write a 12 page paper and maybe even longer.

RJA #15a: Word Cloud

word cloud

RJA #14: Annotated Bibliography, Part 2

Blatchford, Peter. "The State of Play in Schools." Child Psychology & Psychiatry Review 3.2 (1998): 6-7. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2009. Peter Blatchford is Professor in Psychology and Education at the Institute of Education, University of London, and Head of the School of Psychology and Human Development. He has done many studies on the different aspects a school can provide and what the most beneficial way to go about thing is. His study of The State of Play in Schools was beneficial to me because he furthered my knowledge and argument that recess should be implemented and what some of the benefits of having it are.
Holmes, Robyn M., Anthony D. Pellegrini, and Susan L. Schmidt. "The effects of different recess timing regimens on preschoolers’ classroom attention." Early Child Development & Care 176.7 (2006): 735-43. Academic Search Premier. Web. 17 Nov. 2009. Robyn Holmes, Anthony Pellegrini and Susan Schmidt conducted a study called, “The effects of different recess timing regimens on preschoolers’ classroom attention.” The study conducted varied the times recess was given to preschool students and recorded the differences in their behavior before and after the break, seeing what the differences where and what time tended to be the most affective time to take it.
Hymel, Shelly, and Sue Swearer. Bullying at School and Online. N.p.: education.com, 2009. 7. Web. 17 Nov. 2009. This was an online book sponsored by Norton and Edited by the American Association of School Administrators. This book talked about bullying how it started, what some options are when it happens, and bully prevention on all fronts including home, at school, as a parent, and as a school official. This was able to facilitate my paper by giving more incite into bullying at school.
Jarrett, Olga S. "Recess in Elementary School: What Does the Research Say." Clearinghouse On Early Education and Parenting CEEP, July 2002. Web. 17 Nov. 2009. This was an online document by Olga S Jarrett. She has done multiple studies on school and play including “recess in Elementary Schools: What the Research shows. In this publication she talking about the benefits that recess has on learning and classroom behavior furthering my knowledge and paper strength.
Pellegrini, Anthony D. Recess: Its Role in Education and Development. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005. 1-177. Print. This was the grail of sources, I give all the credit to this guy. In my mind and from what documents I was able to find, he was either apart of the study or is referenced to in there sources. This book was the jumping point and had a wealth of information about the topic at hand.
Pellegrini, Anthony D., and David F. Bjorklund. "The role of recess in children's cognitive performance." Educational Psycholologist 32.1 (1997): 35-40. Academic Search Premier. Web. 19 Nov. 2009. No surprise here, like I said Anthony Pellegrini is everywhere in the topic of play. His college can not be left out though, he came up with the immature cognition theory which is using children immaturity to your advantage, by giving breaks before tougher classes, and splitting the day up with breaks to keep focus on the task at hand, your keeping the activities varied keeps the children inclined.
Pica, Rae. "Bullying on the Playground." Education. com N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2009. Bullying on the playground by Rae Pica gave me an overview of some of the negatives that recess and in turn bullying brings to the table. I was able to incorporate the negatives of bullying in my paper, to broaden and show one of the problems recess can possibly present.
Playground Picture. Jefferson Academy of Advanced Learning, Show Low. Web. Web. 1 Dec. 2009. Found this picture online of a school playground, shows what is currently being removed.
Ratey, John J., and Eric Hagerman. SPARK; The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise. New York: Hatchette Book Group USA, 2008. Web. 20 Nov. 2009. I did not have a lot of time to really get into this book, but I was able to watch an interview with him talking about the book and how exercise increases the brain which helps with learning and memory.
School Playground. Village of Coleville & R.M. of Oakdale No. 320 , Coleville. Web. Web. 1 Dec. 2009. Another picture of a different playground, going for the same effect.
Snell, Jennie, "Supporting Social Skills on the Playground." Committee for Children Ed. Committee for Children, n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2009. This online document talked about the importance of recess and its implications on supporting the building of social skills. Which she in turn shows how improving social skills will cut down on bullying. She talks about what to do when bullying is happening and how social skills can help alleviate the problem.

RJA #13b: Annotated Bibliography, Part 1

"Brain and Exercise." CBS News. CBS. n.p., 24 Sept. 2009. Web. This was a great video that talked with the Author of the book SPARKS and what this book is all about. In this video he states that exercise before tougher classes increases learning. He proves this by showing exercise enlarges the hippocampus which is where learning and memory are located, so with this happening right before a tough class this improves there overall class grade.
"play." 3. Encyclopedia - Britannica. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. Web. 20 Nov. 2009. . I used Encyclopedia Britannica for a source because it has founded encyclopedic background which gives accurate definitions and sometimes a summary. I used it for the definition of play which was stated as ‘“the most important step in the development of a child.”’
"RECESS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS." NASPE Position Statement AAHPERD,
2006. Web. 18 Nov. 2009. The NASPE is the National Association of Sport and Physical Education put out a position statement which stated the importance of recess in elementary schools. The NASPE is sponsored by its mother association AAHPERD which is the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance.
Barros, Romina M.; Silver, Ellen J.; Stein, Ruth E. K.. “School Recess and Group Classroom Behavior” Pediatrics, Feb2009, Vol. 123 Issue 2, p431-436, 6p; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2007-2825; (AN 36464288) Dr. Romina Barros is a MD and pediatrician in the Bronx, New York who conducted a secondary survey and wrote a summary of her findings called, Daily School Recess Improves Classroom Behavior. Her study found out how often students received recess and for how long. She categorized her information and related recess duration and amounts to improved classroom behavior.

RJA #13a: Field Research Report

I observed two different sessions of recess at a middle school and at an elementary school. I noticed that elementary school students were more active than middle schoolers. The boys in both elementary and middle school were more active than the girls. In both situations the teacher or teacher aid brought the children out, so supervision was the same as in the classroom, and generally there was only one to two classes at recess at a time. There was lots of enjoyment to be had, I did not notice any bullying or "sideliners" ready to go inside as soon as they got out there. Boys played with boy and girls played with the girls, there was hardly any cross gender associations going on. To me it seemed like they were able to talk, hang out, and run around getting energy out with there friends. All positive aspects!

RJA #12c: Introduction Check

i checked barbs and Davids

RJA #12b: Presentation Plan

I'm probably going to present the entire outline or talk about the removal of recess and give that part of the outline

RJA #12a: Progress Report

Accomplished

• thesis statement
• Introduction
• start of a paragraph
• some what of an outline
  

Need to do

• get more research
  
• find more opposition
• get going on the paper
  

Detailed schedule

Secure all sources this weekend
dissect info from source
From Monday on hopefully write a minimum of a page a day

RJA #11c: Thesis Statement Check

i looked at Tylers and Robs blog

RJA #11b: Visual Aids

graph on decreasing recess in schools
picture of recess
picture of empty playground
picture of PE class
graph on the cutting of pe teacher jobs

RJA #11a: Introduction

Does it make you feel better to know that our youth are become lazier every generation? Wouldn’t you like to do something about it? Apparently not, instead of trying to reverse the trend, were pushing the ball off the top of the mountain. In our government instituted public schools Physical Education programs are being cut and recess is being dropped faster than a hot potato. Why is this happening? Does No Child Left Behind ring a bell? Is this program really helping or is it actually hurting our children? Physical Education and recess should not be removed from our schools because both of these activities reduce stress, release energy, help with focus in the classroom, get children to build there social abilities and network, have higher academic performance, and are good for our childrens health.

RJA #10b: Argument

Reason 1: Reduce Stress
Warrant connecting reason 1 to claim: reduced stress helps in the classroom
Evidence 1: exercise reduces stress
Warrant connecting evidence 1 to reason 1:
Evidence 2: When children play stress drops
Warrant connecting evidence 2 to reason 1:
Reason 2: better classroom focus
Warrant: classroom focus helps in mantaining the class structure
Evidence:
Reason 3: increased social abilities
Reason 4: higher academic performance
Reason 5: energy release

opposition:
1, lack of funding
2. standerdized testing-teaching to test
3. lack of supervision- recess
4. injury
5. playground bullying
6. children are crule

......

RJA #10a: Thesis Statement

Question: How will lack of recess and PE affect grade school children?

Thesis: Physical Education and recess should not be removed from our schools because both of these activities reduce stress, helps with focus in the classroom, gets children to build there social abilities and network, they have higher academic performance, and they are both great for releasing energy.

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http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,195821,00.html

http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,176168,00.html

http://www.pta.org/Index.asp

http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,159448,00.html

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/123/2/431#R1

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/119/1/182?ijkey=91e79065ca33c669c647d38f957f73acf7da9257\

http://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/07/us/many-schools-putting-an-end-to-child-s-play.html

RJA #9: Evaluation of Sources

http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHT-4PP843D-P&_user=914312&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2007&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000047910&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=914312&md5=83865403e44b4dc00292100fa5cfb9d4
There were tons of bibliographic sources for this article if you scroll down to the bottom.

http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6VHT-4PP843D-P-1&_cdi=6075&_user=914312&_orig=search&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2007&_sk=999669995.8998&view=c&wchp=dGLbVlW-zSkzV&md5=95b09613644cc957d2e338c77e4dbf54&ie=/sdarticle.pdf
pg 9 has tons of resources

http://happydays.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/02/let-the-children-play-some-more/?scp=5&sq=physical%20education&st=cse
I looked up Stuart Brown and the National Institute of play and found that he has more than enough credentials

I found a book titled: Recess Its role in Education and Development by Anthony D Pellegrini
Starting on pg 179 there are a few pages of references, with many scholarly journals and books

I have a couple websites: http://eric.ed.gov/ you can pretty much tell by the address that it will be credible, also in their referencing policy it states they are sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education.

Another website is http://www.aahperd.org/naspe/ which is also a very credible source of information.

RJA #8c: Multimedia

http://www.blinkx.com/video/music-and-physical-education/9lHnYP9oiHRFCHnyLYoGlg
10/8 minimal results

RJA #8b: Social Media

this site is actually a blog http://rethinkbball.blogspot.com/2009/08/tragic-demise-of-recess-who-is-losing.html

a scientific blog: http://scienceblogs.com/cognitivedaily/2009/05/does_recess_really_improve_cla.php

done on 10/08 minimal hits

RJA #8a: Websites

I went to google and put in... recess + "physical education" + school got this site http://www.ashaweb.org/files/public/Resolutions/Recess.pdf TITLE: Elementary Schools Should Provide Daily Recesses in
http://www.nevadaahperd.com/info/specific_recess.pdf
Addition to Planned Physical Education for All Students
went to dogpile typed in... recess + "physical education" + school ... got this site http://rethinkbball.blogspot.com/2009/08/tragic-demise-of-recess-who-is-losing.html
http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2006-05-16-school-exercise_x.htm

I searched directories but didnt come up with any hits from any of them relative to my topic

Same for invisible web searchs

** check this: Schools out for Recess and Making Sense of No Child Left Behind

RJA #7c: Field Research Plan

For my field research i plan on going to an Elementary, Middle and High School to observe and then interview the PE teacher on the different lesson plans, activities, and warm up/ cool downs they do, and also ask there opinion about the removal of PE and recess from schools. What can we do to prevent this from happening?

RJA #7b: Internet Research Tool Test

my website is http://infomine.ucr.edu/
www.fitness.gov
on the website i searched recess, recess and physical education, recess and grade school. all kinds of differnt strings but nothing really pertaining to my topic, you can search by subjects, keywords, authors, titles, and resource types.

RJA #7a: Internet Research Tools

The search engine i use the most is Google. The reason I use it is because when it came out it was better than yahoo and Google is what I grew up using. I like it for very basic searches like weather, or sport scores. But for research or trying to dig deeper on a specific topic is too difficult. The search results are too broad and anything with the keywords will show up, so usually after the first few results it starts to broaden out too fast. The only real reason I use it is i have not found anything better to use.

RJA #6c: Protopage

http://www.protopage.com/zachlashley

RJA #6b: Search Strings

(recess OR "physical Education" OR PE) AND ("grade school" OR "k-12" OR elementary OR "middle school" OR "high school" OR "private school")

!!!!!!!!!!!put in EBSCO gets tons of hits!!!!!!!!!

http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHT-4PP843D-P&_user=914312&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2007&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000047910&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=914312&md5=83865403e44b4dc00292100fa5cfb9d4

RJA #6a: Periodical Articles

Author: Stuart Brown
Title: Let The Children Play (Some More)-- Happy Days - The pursuit of what matters in troubled times
Title of periodical: New York Times
Time of Publication: Thursday, Sep 24, 2009
the opinion section

http://happydays.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/02/let-the-children-play-some-more/?scp=5&sq=physical%20education&st=cse

i went to the NEW YORK TIMES and searched physical education
quite a few hits not a lot related to my topic

RJA #5c: Checking Search Strings

http://barbaraeng1020blog.blogspot.com/
http://robdog33.blogspot.com/

RJA #5b: Finding Books

found a book:
Title: Recess : its role in education and development
Author: Anthony D. Pellegrini
Publisher: Mahwah, N.J. : L. Erlbaum Associates, 2005.

I searched "recess in grade school" in SKYLINE and pulled this book up

RJA #5a: Finding Reference Articles

As far as reference articles, I check out the encyclopedia's you listed on your site and physical education came up on infoplease.com which gave an over view of physical education, and where its historical roots are located. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0838900.html sep 17 the cite info is in the "cite" bubble under.

RJA #4c: Checking Research Questions

http://missylewis.blogspot.com/

RJA# 4b: Writing Search Strings

(recess OR "physical Education" OR PE) AND ("grade school" OR "k-12" OR elementary OR "middle school" OR "high school")

RJA #4a: Generating Keywords

How will lack of recess and PE affect grade school children?
recess: break... nothing related comes up
PE: physical education....nothing comes up
grade school: elementary school, middle school, high school
children: nothing comes up

RJA #3c: Developing Research Question

should we remove or shorten recess?
should we remove or shorten PE?
Who is saying it needs to be shortened?
how can removing recess or PE effect the children?*
what could happen if we continue to remove recess and PE from school?
when did this epidemic start?
why is recess and PE being taken out and or shortened?
why are we even giving though to this?
why are we letting this happen?
why is recess and PE being shortened and removed, what is the purpose and what do the advocators for the removal say to the research stating recess and PE are very important in grade school children?

Edit: How will lack of recess and PE affect grade school children?

RJA #3b: Narrowing Research Topic

I think my topic is good where it is, I don't believe that it needs to be narrowed or broadened. My topic is fairly specific(the removal of Recess and PE from grade school) and it has plenty of information on it. I believe the key is being able to find studies and info for the reasons behind the removal, there's plenty for the importance. As of now I want to get to the root of why the removal, and what do these people have to say about all the studies that show the importance of these physical outlets.

RJA #3a: Exploring Research Topic

Wikipedia- i tried HPS, human performance, human performance and sports with no luck. PE came up with what physical education is.. no help
http://scholar.google.com/ - i searched "recess and human performance" http://0-edr.sagepub.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/cgi/content/abstract/34/1/13 - good source of info on recess and why it is important
I searched "recess in grade school" http://www.ateachabout.com/pdf/RecessinElementarySchool.pdf check out the links at the bottom
http://rer.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/63/1/51 another source
http://edr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/34/1/13 another source
AERA- American Educational Research Association looks like a good source for future info.
ERIC- Education Resources Information Center looks like a good source for future info.
SAGE a good journal source
Title of journal see if you can find it somewhere else :

Physical Education and Activity: Results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000

Journal article by Charlene R. Burgeson, Howell Wechsler, Nancy D. Brener, Judith C. Young, Christine G. Spain; JOPERD--The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, Vol. 74, 2003

RJA #2c: Delicious Account

My delicious account

RJA #2b: Research Topic

I have decided to do my persuasive paper on the decreasing of PE and recess time from kindergarten to 12th grade. I am passionate in this subject because I want to be a PE teacher and I believe there should be more PE and recess time not less or none at all.
I am not to terribly informed on this particular subject, but I have heard over and over again about schools taking PE and recess time away, and am just baffled that this is being allowed to happen. These are growing children that need to get out exercise and get there energy out.
Like I said I'm not totally clear on what the reasoning behind this is beside the argument of "waste of time" and your "not learning anything" which I believe on the contrary. So I want to know what the reasons are, how people for it respond to the criticism, and what can I and everyone else do to prevent this from happening.

RJA #2a: Possible Topics

1. Removing PE and recess from k-12
2. Obesity in k-12
3. Teacher pay

Research Journal Assignment 1: Areas of Academic Interest

I'm a Human performance and sports major and want to become a PE teacher and coach ideally.
My ideas for my topic would be:
1. Removing PE and recess from k-12
2. Obesity in k-12
3. Teacher pay
4. Euthanasia/ physician assisted suicide
5. Cloning
6. Steroid use in sports
7. Professional athlete pay